Portugal’s parliament on Friday approved a law banning the wearing of the niqab or any face-covering garments in public spaces, with fines of up to €4,000 for violations.

The proposal was introduced by the far-right Chega party and supported by right-wing and liberal blocs, while leftist and socialist parties voted against it.

The law allows exceptions for health, professional, or artistic reasons.

The decision has sparked widespread debate about the balance between individual freedom and national identity, as Europe sees a growing wave of similar legislation.